Barrel construction



May 11, 1934. A. QUIMBY BARREL CONSTRUCTION' Filed Aug. 1, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet l May 1, 1934. A. 'QUIMBY BARREL CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. l, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 11 3.934. A QLHMBY BARREL CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 1, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented ay l, 1934 BARREL cons'rnuc'rron Application August l, 1931)., Serial No. 554,421

1 Claim. (Cl. 147-21) This invention relates to barrels, and more parone form of lap-joint for the inside hoops of the ticularly to cylindrical barrels having side walls barrel, made of P ythe latter eing in the form of Figs. 6 and 7 are similar views, showing a difiera plurality of plies thicknesses of V e a ent form of lap-joint for the inside hoops of the tened together. barr l, 60

Generally stated, the object of the invention is Fjg 3 is imilar i illustrating a butt-joint to provide a novel and improved construction and for th i id hoops of th b rr 1, arrangement whereby a barrel of this character F*ig 9 is a Side View of a head or end well made is provided with pro-formed heads or end walls, h th form of hoop shown in mg 3 of th 10 for both ends of the barrel, said heads or end drewinge 65 walls being each in the form of a pro-formed hoop Fig 10 is a vertical ti of one end portion having one edge thereof secured to the marginal of the barrel, illustrating the use of an inside or circular edge portion of the flat, or substantialhoop or hner serving as a shoulder against which ly fiat, end wall, whereby the securing of the said the r f rm d head, at either end of the barrel,

hoop to the side walls of the cylindrical barrel, may be fast n d in place thereby t form a 70 inside thereof, serves to effectively position the Stantiauy ift proof closure for eeehtend of t said Wall with?! the barrel, when it is desired to ship things of an It 15 also an oblect Provlde a novel impalpable powder-like nature in a barrel of this proved method of manufacture, for characterizing kimh the barrel constituting the invention, comprising As thus illustrated, t invention comprises 75 the rolling P of the Ply-Wood slfiie Wan cylindrical barrel walls formed of inside and outmaterial into cylindrical form, and attaching the side plies 1 and 2 together with a middle or overlapping edges together, prior to the insertion termediate my 3, the grain of the wood in the of the two pre'formed Peads end F m the middle ply extending circumferentlally of the o cylindrical body, and P to W fastemng Of any barrel, and the grain of the wood in the inside and so w to said Prelimmary cylmder -,W outside plies extending longitudinally of the barmaterial, as well as prior to the clinching of any These plies are p t together under pres staples by which said heads are fastened to the Sure, preferably, and are held together by a side walls and held in place, so that the ultimate wat r ro f glue or adhesive, whereby t t barrel is characterized by the method of manuthickness ply-wood thus formed is waterproof 5 facture thereof. and will not come apart when damp or wet.

It s a s a Object to P v Certain a s Preferably, the sheet of ply-wood thus formed is and features of construction, and method steps, rolled int cylindrical form, as shown, and staplestending to increase the general efiiciency and de- 4 are th d i th h the overlapping porsirability of a barrel of this particular character, ti of th heet, to form avertical seam or over- 0 and to reduce the cost of production thereof. lap for one side of th ba r l, Preferably, the

o these and other useful ends, the invention vertical edge of the inner portion of the overlap consists in matters hereinafter set forth and is Seerfed or th down as Shown t 5 i Fig claimed and show in t e accompanying 2 of the drawings, so that the inner surface of the 95 ings, in Whichbarrel is cylindrical, but the outer edge 6 of the 1 is a from elevation of a barrel mvolving lap-joint thus formed is not scarfed and remains the principles of the invention, showing the side the thickness of t h t of p'ly wood In t i portion at the left in Section and showing the way. both vertical edges of the sheet of ply-wood top head or end wall in position above the top of have clean edges. as the grain f the weed we the barrel, ready to be inserted downwardly h tends vertically in both the inner and outer layers in, after the barre} is filledof the ply-wood. and for this purpose the scarfing 2 is a top 719W Of the a barrelof the inner portion of the overlap is on the outer Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the upper portion surface thereof, whereby no portion of the in- 0f the barrel, illustrating one method of t termediate and outside plies or layers is exposed ing th OOVBI upper head in placeinside of the barrel, the inner surface of the bar- F is a fragmentary sectional View Of a p rel being formed entirely by the inner surface of t o the p of the barrel, wi g another the inside ply or thickness of the sheet of plymethod of fastening the top cover in place. wood from which the side walls are made. As

55 Fig. 5 is a fragmentary or detail view, showing stated, this provides a clean vertical edge, both inside and outside of the barrel, for the overlap joint or seam at one side of the barrel.

The pre-formed heads or end walls are preferably each formed of a hoop '7, having a flat, disklike section of the same kind of ply-wood 8, fastened to one edge thereof by staples 9, in the manner shown, whereby the edges of the plywood, which with this kind of ply-wood are clean and smooth throughout the circumference of the disk, are flush with the outer side or periphery of the hoop. With the grain of the wood in the middle or intermediate ply of the wall 8 extending at right angles to the grain of the wood in the two outer plies, it necessarily follows that, with a flat and continuous wall of this kind, the staples 9 all have their heads disposed more or less crosswise of the grain of some of the wood of which the wall 8 is compowd. Thus, with plywood of this kind, the anchoragev thereof to the hoop, which latter is preferably a preformed hoop, is very efiective. The said hoop may have an ordinary lap-joint, as shown in Fig. 5, or its ends may be scarfed to form a scarf-joint, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings. Again, a butt-joint of the kind shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings may be employed for these inside hoops of the barrel, depending upon the character of the produce or commodity to be shipped in barrels of this kind. The joint shown in Figs. 6 and 7, for example, is adapted toprovide practically a sift-proof bottom or top for the barrel, at least much more so than the joints shown in Figs. 5 and 8 of the drawings.

After the preliminary cylinder of ply-wood is made, forming the side walls. of the barrel, one of the gore-formed heads or end walls is then placed in position therein, and the ends of hoop strips for the outside hoops 10, 11 and 12 are placed in position on the outer surface of the cylinder, and the latter is then rotated while staples 13, 14 and 15 are driven to secure the three outside hoops and the one inside hoop 7 in place, in the manner shown. The staples 13 and 14 are clinched on the inner surface of the cylindrical walls of the barrel, and the staples 15 are, in the upper row thereof, similarly clinched, but the lower row of staples 15 have their ends clinched on the inner surface. of the hoop '7 of the pre-formed head or end wall. Each outside hoop has its inner end 16 butted against the outer edge 6 of the ply-wood side wall material, these outsidehoops being preferably of the same thickness as the ply-wood material; and the outer end portion 17 of each outer hoop is stapled in place, by the staples previously mentioned, and also by a wider staple 18 straddling the reduced end portion of the hoop. Thus, the inner ends of the outside hoops are first anchored-in place, against the outer edge 6 of the veneer side wall material, by staples, and these hoops are then wound around the barrel and gradually stapled in place in the manner shown, which operation also includes the fastening of the bottom head or end wall in place. With this method, the stapling operations can be easily performed on suitable machinery having a rotary support for the barrel,

-- and having staplers for inserting the staples.

When a scarf-joint is employed for the inside hoops, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the staples 19 are inserted through such joint to hold the overlapping portions firmly together. Similar staples can be inserted through the lap-joint shown in Fig. 5, but in Fig. 8 there is no lap-joint and no such staples are necessary.

After the barrel is filled. the upper head 0; end

wall is then placed in position, as shown in Figs. 3 and '4 of the drawings, and its head or end wall can then be fastened in place in any suitable or desired manner, by nails, or staples, or other means. As shown in Fig. 3, staples 20 are inserted inwardly through the hoop 10 and the side walls of the barrel, and through the hoop 7 of the said pre-formed head or end wall. When the inner ends or points of these staples are clinched, as shown in Fig. 4, staples 21 are inserted outwardly through the hoop 7 and the side walls of the barrel and the outer hoop 10, and the points of these staples are clinched on the outer surface of the said outside hoop.

In some cases, in order to provide a more effectually. sift-proof barrel, for impalpable or finely powdered materials, two additional inside hoops, such as the hoop 22, shownin Fig. 10, may be employed as linersor shoulders for properly positioning the two pr'e-formed heads or end walls, and for providing a tighter joint between the heads and the cylindrical barrel side wall material. These. inside hoops or liners 22 may be secured in place in any suitable or desired manner, as by staples 23 inserted inwardly through the outside hoops and the sidewalls of the barrel at the same time that the outside hoops are stapled in place. The hoops 22, when employed, are preferably pre-formed hoops and are preferably placed inside of the preliminary cylinder formed by the ply-wood side material, and insuch case the staples 23 may simply be the staples 13, or the staples in the upper row. of the staples 15.

Thus, by one stapling operation, the preliminary cylinder of ply-wood is made; by other stapling operations, the pre-formed heads or end walls are made, by other machinery, either before or-after the making of the said preliminary cylinder; thereafter, one of the pre-formed heads or end walls is placed inside of the preliminary cylinder; flexible hoop strips are secured at one end of each strip to one side of the cylinder, with the ends of these strips butted against the outer edge of the ply-wood side material; and by another stapling operation, preferably by rotating the barrel, all of the hoops (except one), with which the ultimate barrel is pro'videdrare stapled in place; and finally, after the barrel is filled, the last hoop, the one forming part of the top .cover or head, is stapled or otherwise fastened in place in the manner shown.

The resulting cylindrical barrel is light and surprisingly strong, and will stand much wear and tear and hard usage, without danger of breakage, and without danger of leakageof the contents of the barrel, and the construction and method of manufacture employed tends to reduce the cost of production.

Thus, it will be seen that an inside shoulder can be provided by the hoop 22, as shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings, for direct engagement with the end wall of the pre formed head, but the flat side of the pro-formed head faces inwardly, and

the end walliiiaterial is in direct engagement with n said shoulder. 1 It will be seen, from the foregoing, and from F the drawings, that the method or process shown anddescribed relates to the specific barrel construction shown and described, and is a method of putting together the parts shown and described, in order to produce the particular barrel structure shown and described. 1 g It will be seen that the invention, as shown and described, and as defined by the claim, re- L9 lates primarily and essentially to tight or entireiy closed barrels, preferably of the cylindrical type. In the manufacture of such tight barrels, in accordance with the invention, the body is essentially a one-piece three-ply veneer body with the grain of the Wood extending crosswise in the different plies and with a permanently stapled side seam or joint, whereby the three-ply body is capable in itself of maintaining its shape and form, even without any hoops,so that the major part of the load strain, or the bursting strain, may be sustained by the body, instead of by the hoops, in a structure in which the barrel has preformed tight heads involving inside hoops upon which the radialstaples are clinched at the inner periphery of each inside hoop. This makes a very strong and tight barrel, preferably of the cylindrical type. A self-sustaining body of primary strength can be made as a unit, and the preformed inside hoop heads can also be made, and the heads can then be combined with the. preliminary cylinder. Outside hoops are added, as shown and described, but with the three-ply body of primary strength hoops are not as essential, although desirable, as they are in ordinary barrels or containers in which the body has very little if any primary strength. Therefore, a solid three-ply'permanently stitched self-maintaining body of primary strength, with at least one preformed hoop head, all forming a perfectly tight barrel, is essential to the invention, the other features disclosed being built around that to accomplish the desired purpose.

Thus the side seam or lap-joint of the barrel is permanently stitched, and by this is meant that the lap-joint is fastened together with staples or other means so strongly that it is not liable to give way or separate under the bursting strain,

' fastened, and formed as shown practically even without any outer hoops. Qbviously, with the three ply veneer of sufficient thickness; without materially increasing the weight of the barrel, and with the joint or seam properly and described, the said seam or joint may become the strongest portion of the side walls of the barrel, and in that sense it is permanently stitched and the cylindrical body is capable in itself of maintaining its shape and form against the bursting strain, and the outer hoops are more for the barrel to roll on than they are to resist the bursting strain, and it will be seen that these are important conslderations in connection with the incorporation of the preformed barrel heads, as the fasteners, such as staples, are driven through the outside hoop and into and through the inside hoop, which latter forms a part of the preformed barrel head, and clinched on the inner surface of said inside hoop, thus for the first time forcibly compressing the three-ply veneer between inner and outer hoops. Thus the three-ply cylindrical side walls are clamped tightly between the inner and outer hoops, at both ends of the barrel, and a very tight joint, approximating what might be called a liquid tight joint, is obtained by the radial staples 15 that have their points clinched on the inner side of the inside hoops. The staples 9 are tightly driven, to provide the preformed barrel head, so that a tight joint is also formed between the plywood disk 8 and the inside hoop '7,-a't each end of the barrel, and in this way a very tight container is provided that is practically sift-proof, whereby various commodities, such as cement and other powder-like commodities, may be satisfactorily shipped in barrels of this kind. And, for

i this purpose, therefore," aspreviously explained,

the staples 9 are desirably driven before the staples 15 are inserted, in order to insure a tight joint between the disk 6 and the hoop '7, and in order to avoid any operation that would disturb the set of the staples'15 after the latter are inserted and clinched.

It will be seen that the outer surface of the plywood sheet used to form the drum in effect stretches when the plywood is bent into cylindrical form, and that the,inner surface correspondingly shrinks or contracts, because the grain of the wood of the inner and outer surfaces extends longitudinally of the barrel. This makes it easy to bend the plywood into cylindrical form, and the middle ply then furnishes the strength necessary to resist the bursting strain, effectively, as shown and described. Furthermore, it is obvious that the finished barrel or container is characterlzed structurally by--,the initial fastening of the inner hoop 7 to the cylindrical body, which latter in eifect forms a restraining hoop circumscribing the inner hoop, while the inner hoop and the'disk 8 are solidly united. In other words, the staples 15 are inserted after the staples 9 are inserted, and hence the staples 9 are in place while the staples 15 are being driven. In this way the set of the staples 15 is not disturbed by the insertion of the staples 9, and the inner surface of the side walls is not marred or injured by any effort to insert the staples 9 after the staples 15 are inserted. This means that the hoop '7 and the disk 8 are incorporated as a unit in the bar- ,rel structure,

acterized by this method of construction, as is discernible to one skilled in the art. The finished container shows these characteristics, and shows that the bottom or barrel head is stronger and effective as the result of this method of construcand that the finished barrel is chartion. The reverse method, as explained, would the of the exterior of the barrel, and the outer pe-r riphery of the hoop 10 is certainly a portion of the exterior of the barrel. Also, in either form of the invention, these radial staples pass through both the body and the preformed bottom unit, but in each case both the heads and the clinched points. of the staples are exposed onthe exterior of the barrel, after the preformed bottom unit or head is fastened in place. I

What I claim as my invention is:

, In a barrel construction having opposite countersunk heads, the combination with acircumscribing annular body formed of a single sheet of flexible and multi-ply cross grain material overlapped and secured together at the ends thereof to provide a continuous side wall, of a counter sunk barrel head comprising a preformed unit fitting snugly within one end of said body and secured thereto by staples passing substantially radially through the body and said unit and clinched on the exterior surface of the barrel, said unit comprising a disc-shaped-rnember'of multi-ply cross grain material having approxi mately the same diameter as the interior of the body and an inside annular hoop having the same external said hoop being secured to the exterior of said member by staples driven axially through said disc into said hoop to form said unit, so that the heads of said axial staples are close to the side wall, and an outer hoop of substantially the same diameter as the disc-shaped member,

thickness as the sheet secured in place by said radial externally clinched staples and surrounding said body and having one end thereof abutting the outer edge of said sheet, the inner edge of the side wall overlap being thinned away to practically fit the periphery of said disc and its 

